Differential



Nov. 6, 1923. 1,4732% c. ANDRADE, JR

DIFFERENTIAL Filed Nov. 17. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 M A? A F Nov. 6, 1923. 1,473,201

. c. ANDRADE, JR

DIFFERENTIAL Filed Nov. l7, 1922 SSheets-Sheet B IN VEN T013.

Nov 6, 1923.

C. ANDRADE, JR

DIFFERENTIAL Filed Nov. 17. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VEN TOR.

Patented Nov. 6, 1923.

cirfiihivo ANionanE, m, or new rem, ii. a.

DIFFERENTIAL Application filed November 17, 1922. Serial No. 601,451.

general function of my present device is fully described in my previous applications Serial No. 584,346 filed August 25, 1922, Serial No. 585,843 filed September 2, 1922, and Serial No. 597,707 filed October 30, 1922, and the object of my invention is, to provide a differential with a locking member other than a roller, and to provide new arrangenients of the driving member,- control member; locking members and driven members.

, I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section elevation of parts of my device on the line R H of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is an inside end view of a transverse, section elevation of my device, taken on the line M L of Fig. 1, in order to facilitate the identification of the members, the usual section lining has been omitted, and the parts of member A which are shown in Fig. 2 are in dotted lines; Fig. 3 is an outside end view of primary driving member A; Fig. 4 is an inside end view of primary driving member A; Fig. 5 is an end view of secondary driving member B; Fig. 6 is an outside end view of driven member C; Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section elevation of driven member 0 taken on the line R H of Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is a plan view of part of the top of driven member C; Fig. 9 is a plan view of the outer face of locking member D; Fig. 10 is a plan view of the inner face of locking member D; Fig. 11 is a longitudinal elevation of locking member D; and Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic end View of part'of my device when driving member A is rotating anticlockwise, or opposite the direction shown in ig.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A and A together form the primary driving member, they are identical in all respects. A and A are held together by bolts which passthrough holes A in lugs A and are fastened by nuts, thus locking A and A together so aS to prevent ny relative motion whatever between A and A A and A have control recesses A, ,whose outer surfaces are so shaped that the points A register with the circumference of driven members C and C and, points A register with the top of recessesv B. A is an opening to admit the ends C of driven members C and G Secondary driving member Bhas lugs B which-engage with lugs A and allow limited relative circumferential motion between members AA and B. Member B also has transverse openings .B whose ends B- 'an'd B hold the ends of lockin members D. B are recesses between lugs F whichrecesses hold the lugs A of A and A B is the inner bearing surface of member .13 in contact with ,driven members G and G G and C are the driven members, with outer bearmg surfaces C, side struts G recesses, G,

- and holes C to accommodatespiral springs E; C is the shaft hole with keyway (3;

D are locking members, being double ended pawls, with lugs D and D which engage in control space A and, also engage with struts Ci Lugs D and D are on the inner side of lockin members D; and engage only with struts D is the outer face of locking member D, and D is the inner face of locking member D. D is a stud on the inner face D of locking member D, and is designed to enter the spiral spring E which is indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 7.

The operation of my device is as follows:

Let us assume that primary driving member AA is moving clockwise as shown by the arrow under the letter R in Fig. 2. Lug A will then be in contact with lug B and sec ondary driving member B will likewise rotate clockwise,an d control recess A will be in such relation to recesses B, that pawls D enter ends B of recesses B, and thereupon driven members C and C will rotate clockwise with members AA and B. If either driven member C or C is externally actuated to rotate clockwise differentially more rapidly than AA and B, it is obvious from an inspection of Fig. 2, that pawls D will permit such differential motion.

Let us assume, now, that primary driving member AA starts to rotate anticlockwise as indicated in Fig. 12 by the arrow outside the periphery of B Then lug A will come in contact with lug B and secondary driving member B will likewise rotate anticlockwise, and control recess A will be in such relation to recesses B", that p'awls D enter ends B of recesses B, and thereupon driven'members 'C and C will rotate anticlockwise with members AA and B; and

control recess A will likewise permit anticlockwise circumferential motion of driven members C or C with relation to AA? and o i a The details of this differential motion have been fully shown and described in my threefprevious applications 7 above: cited, andneed not be'repeated here'. r It will be observed that in the differential shown in the drawings there are seven 'pawls Deequally spaced'in each'of the driven members C and G and that there are-ten recesses B equally spaced in the .in'ember '7 B: The result-is that members'AA and B driving members (AA and B) "member on only one pawl; 3 v a If, on the .otherhand, we'should have the can rotateonly one seventiethof a'circle or five and one seventh" degrees before coming-into locking contactv with driven member C or with driven member C The ad- 'vantage of this is that it min imize the lost motion circumferentiallybetween the and 'the driven members (C and'C*) ;but the disadvantage of this arrangement is'lthat it throws the entire. strain of each driven seven pawlsD on each'of the driven 1nemher-s0 and C and should-provide only seven equally spaced-recesses B in member B. we would have all seven pawls of :each

i drivenlmember locking at once, thereby dist'ributing and equalizing" the strain, but there would be a lostmotion circumferentially'- of 51% degrees betweenthe i locking positions of members AA and B with members C or C y'or ten timesthelost motion of "the device as shown I claim: I I In a differential; a primary, drivingmemin the drawings.

ber having'co-ntrol recesses to actuate the.

.control lugs on the pawls hereinafter mentioned; a secondary drivingv member ac tuatedaby saidprimary driving member and capable of limitedcircumferential motion in I relationthereto, said fsecondary driving adapted to engage'either in forward or reverse direction the pawls herelnafter men'- tioned; afirst driven member inside of said secondary driving member, said .fi 'st;clriven member containing recesses adapted'to hold the pawls hereinafter mentioned and to .engage said pawls either 1n forward or reverse fl member having {recesses in its inner face direction; a second driven "member? insides;

of 'said secondary driving 'member, said second dr'ivenf-member containing recesses adapted to hold. the pawls hereinafter inen tloned and toengage said pawls eitherin forward or reverse ',direction.;;' a plurality l of double ended pawls enclosed vin there- 'cesses in each of said 'driven'members, said pawls" having control lugs which engage in thecontrol recesses in saidprimary driving member", whereby said -paw-ls' perform a locking differential function between sald secondary driving member and said two driven members either :in'forward or reverse 

